The first book to compare the main two computer algebra systems (CAS), Maple and Mathematica used by students, mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. Both systems are presented in parallel so that Mathematica users can learn Maple quickly by finding the Maple equivalent to Mathematica functions, and vice versa. This student reference handbook consists of core material for incorporating Maple and Mathematica as a working tool into different undergraduate mathematical courses (abstract and linear algebra, geometry, calculus and analysis, complex functions, special functions, integral and discrete transforms, algebraic and transcendental equations, ordinary and partial differential equations, integral equations, numerical analysis and scientific computing). The book also contains applications from various areas of mathematics, physics, and music theory and can be useful for graduate students, professors, and researchers in science and engineering. One of the goals of this book is to develop problem-solving skills (that are most useful for solving sophisticated research problems) finding solutions with Maple and Mathematica and not to depend on a specific version of both systems (Maple 12 and Mathematica 6 and 7 are considered). Part I, describes the foundations of Maple and Mathematica (with equivalent problems and solutions). Part II, describes Mathematics with Maple and Mathematica by using equivalent problems. Finally, this book is ideal for scientists who want to corroborate their Maple and Mathematica work with independent verification provided by another CAS.